Thermophysical and Thermodynamic Data
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Introduction
The ThermophysicalData package contains tools that give the thermophysical properties of pure fluids and fluid mixtures, and the thermodynamic properties of various chemical species.
withThermophysicalData
Atmosphere,Chemicals,CoolProp,PHTChart,Property,PsychrometricChart,TemperatureEntropyChart
Pure Fluid and Mixture Properties
The temperature of water using pressure and enthalpy as states.
Propertytemperature,pressure=6bar,massspecificenthalpy=5⋅105J kg−1,water
392.18K
You can also calculate the properties of fluid mixtures. This, for example, is the density of a molar mixture of methane, ethane, n-butane and pentane, using temperature and pressure as states.
Propertydensity,temperature=293 K,pressure=1atm,"HEOS∷Methane0.042&Ethane0.845&nButane0.028&Pentane0.085"
1.421700878kgm3
Chemical Species
The ThermophysicalData:-Chemicals subpackage contains functions that give the enthalpy, entropy, and specific heat capacity of over 2000 species at standard pressure. You can also extract the heat of formation and molecular weight.
The heat of formation and molecular weight of CO2
Chemicals:-PropertyHeatOfFormation,CO2(g),useunits;Chemicals:-PropertyMolarMass,CO2(g),useunits
−393510.000Jmol
44.0095000gmol
Enthalpy and entropy of CO2 at 300 K and 1 bar
Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,CO2(g),temperature=300 K;Chemicals:-PropertySmolar,CO2(g),temperature=300 K;
−393.44×103Jmol
214.02JmolK
An empirical correlation for the enthalpy of CO2 as function of temperature
Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,CO2(g),temperature=T,explicit;
8.314510T−49436.50540T2−626.4116010lnTT+5.301725240+0.001251906908T−7.091029093×10−8T2−1.922497195×10−10T3+5.699355602×10−14T4−45281.98460T200.000≤T≤1000.000−117696.2419T2−1788.791477lnTT+8.291523190−0.00004611578390T+1.621225627×10−9T2−4.727633280×10−13T3+1.266007318×10−16T4−39083.50590T1000.000<T≤6000.0001.544423287×109T2+1.016847056×106lnTT−256.1405230+0.01684700540T−7.270614457×10−7T2+1.747855210×10−11T3−1.768470300×10−16T4−8.043214510×106T6000.000<T≤20000.000undefinedotherwise
Thermodynamic Visualizations
The ThermophysicalData package also generates several visualizations for each of the pure fluids. These are standard Maple plot objects, so you can place lines and other visual elements on them to indicate the path of a thermodynamic cycle.
PHTChartR410a
TemperatureEntropyChartwater
Humid Air Properties and Psychrometric Charts
You can calculate the properties of humid air. Here we calculate the specific enthalpy of humid air at a user-defined dry-bulb temperature, pressure and relative humidity.
PropertyHha,HumidAir,Tdb=293K,pressure=101325Pa,R=0.45
36.21kJkg
You can generate a psychrometric chart, and use it to visualize heating/cooling by overlaying plot objects on it. For example, see the Human Comfort Zone application.
PsychrometricChartpressure=101325Pa
Computing with Thermophysical Data
The ThermophysicalData package provides thermodynamic and transport properties in a computable format. This means you can use fluid properties with all of Maple math tools, including the optimizers, numerical integrators and more.
Isothermal Compression
Here, for example, we compute the work done (in J kg-1) in the isothermal compression of propane from a specific volume of 1 m3 kg-1 to 0.5 m3 kg-1. This involves the use of numerical integrators
Propertypressure,propane,temperature=350 K,D=1V:
w≔intPropertypressure,propane,temperature=350 ,D=1V,V=1 ..0.5,numeric
−45330.42277
Adiabatic Flame Temperature
Here we calculate the flame temperature of butane. This involves the use of numerical solvers.
Liquid butane is burnt with 100% stoichiometric air at an initial temperature of 298.15 K. The combustion reaction is
C4H10 (l) + 6.5 O2 (g)+ 24.44 N2 (g) → 4 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (g) + 24.44 N2 (g)
Heat of formation of butane
h_f_C4H10≔Chemicals:-PropertyHeatOfFormation,C4H10(l),n-buta,useunits
−150.66kJmol
Enthalpies of the combustion products at a temperature T
h_N2≔Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,N2(g),temperature=T:h_O2≔Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,O2(g),temperature=T:h_H2O≔Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,H2O(g),temperature=T:h_CO2≔Chemicals:-PropertyHmolar,CO2(g),temperature=T:
Enthalpy of the reactants
H_reactants≔1mol⋅ h_f_C4H10
−150.66kJ
Total enthalpy of the combustion products
H_products≔4 mol⋅ h_CO2+ 5 mol ⋅ h_H2O+ 24.44 mol ⋅ h_N2
H_products≔4Chemicals:−PropertyHmolar,CO2(g),temperature=Tmol+5Chemicals:−PropertyHmolar,H2O(g),temperature=Tmol+24.44Chemicals:−PropertyHmolar,N2(g),temperature=Tmol
Equating the enthalpy of the reactants and the enthalpy of the combustion products gives the adiabatic flame temperature
fsolveH_reactants=H_products,T=2000K
2379.85K
Thermophysical Properties Calculator
The Thermophysical Properties Calculator provides a graphical interface for extracting fluid properties and generating charts.
Applications
Thermal Engineering
Maximize the Efficiency of a Rankine Cycle
Condition Air into the Human Comfort Zone
Flow of R717 through an Expansion Valve
Organic Rankine Cycle
Mixing Humid Air
Heat Transfer Coefficient across a Flat Plate
Energy Required to Vaporize Ethanol
Particle Falling through Air
Saturation Temperature of Fluids
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