Chapter 4: Partial Differentiation
Section 4.1: First-Order Partial Derivatives
Example 4.1.3
If f=sinx ycosx/y and a,b=1,−1, obtain fx and fy both at x,y and at a,b.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
The requisite calculations are summarized in Table 4.1.3(a).
∂∂xsinx ycosx/y=y⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy−sin⁡x⁢y⁢sin⁡xyy
∂∂ysinx ycosx/y=x⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy+sin⁡x⁢y⁢x⁢sin⁡xyy2
∂f∂xx=a|f(x)x,y=1,−1 = sin21−cos21
∂f∂yx=a|f(x)x,y=1,−1= 1
Table 4.1.3(a) First partial derivatives of f
Maple Solution - Interactive
Calculating partial derivatives and evaluating them at a point can be done with just the Context Panel system.
Context Panel
Control-drag the expression for f and press the Enter key.
Context Panel: Differentiate≻With Respect To≻x (or y)
Context Panel: Evaluate at a Point (see Figure 4.1.3(a)). (Context Panel: Simplify≻Simplify)
Figure 4.1.3(a) Evaluate at a,b
fx
fy
sinx ycosx/y
sin⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy
→differentiate w.r.t. x
y⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy−sin⁡x⁢y⁢sin⁡xyy
→evaluate at point
−cos⁡12+sin⁡12
→differentiate w.r.t. y
x⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy+sin⁡x⁢y⁢x⁢sin⁡xyy2
cos⁡12+sin⁡12
= simplify
1
Defining f as an expression allows its partial derivatives to be calculated and evaluated at a point via some of the palette templates, allowing for a more natural notation to be displayed.
Define f as an expression
Control-drag the expression for f.
Context Panel: Assign to a Name≻f
sinx ycosx/y→assign to a namef
Obtain fxx,y and fyx,y
Calculus palette: First-partial operator
Context Panel: Evaluate and Display Inline
∂∂ x f = y⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy−sin⁡x⁢y⁢sin⁡xyy
∂∂ y f = x⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy+sin⁡x⁢y⁢x⁢sin⁡xyy2
Obtain fxa,b and fya,b
Expression palette: Evaluation template Calculus palette: First-partial operator
∂∂ x fx=a|f(x)x=1,y=−1 = −cos⁡12+sin⁡12
Context Panel: Simplify≻Simplify
∂∂ y fx=a|f(x)x=1,y=−1 = cos⁡12+sin⁡12= simplify 1
A very high degree of notational faithfulness can be obtained by defining subscripts as operators.
In the present context, the expression for f is already assigned to the name f. Were this not so, the expression would have to be assigned to a name, preferably, f.
Define the functions fx and fy
Write the symbols fx and fy as Atomic Identifiers.
Context Panel: Assign Function
f__xx,y=∂∂ x f→assign as functionf__x
f__yx,y=∂∂ y f→assign as functionf__y
f__xx,y = y⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy−sin⁡x⁢y⁢sin⁡xyy
f__yx,y = x⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy+sin⁡x⁢y⁢x⁢sin⁡xyy2
f__x1,−1 = −cos⁡12+sin⁡12
f__y1,−1 = cos⁡12+sin⁡12= simplify 1
Maple Solution - Coded
Assign to f and press the Enter key.
f≔sinx ycosx/y:
Apply the diff command and press the Enter key.
fx≔difff,x
fy≔difff,y
Apply the eval command and press the Enter key.
evalfx,x=1,y=−1
Apply the eval and simplify commands and press the Enter key.
simplifyevalfy,x=1,y=−1
Alternatively, define f as a function.
Define f as a function
Use the arrow notation to define f.
f≔x,y→sinx ycosx/y:
Use the D-operator to obtain fxx,y.
D1fx,y = y⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy−sin⁡x⁢y⁢sin⁡xyy
Use the D-operator to obtain fyx,y.
D2fx,y = x⁢cos⁡x⁢y⁢cos⁡xy+sin⁡x⁢y⁢x⁢sin⁡xyy2
Use the D-operator to obtain fxa,b.
D1f1,−1 = −cos⁡12+sin⁡12
Use the D-operator and the simplify command to obtain fya,b.
simplifyD2f1,−1 = 1
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