Chapter 4: Partial Differentiation
Section 4.1: First-Order Partial Derivatives
Example 4.1.4
If f=ex2/y lny2/x and a,b=2,−2, obtain fx and fy both at x,y and at a,b.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
The requisite calculations are summarized in Table 4.1.4(a).
∂∂xex2/y lny2/x=ⅇx2y2 x lny2xy−1x
∂∂yex2/y lny2/x=ⅇx2yy2−x2 lny2xy
∂f∂xx=a|f(x)x,y=2,−2 = −2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−22
∂f∂yx=a|f(x)x,y=2,−2= −ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−2
Table 4.1.4(a) First partial derivatives of f
Maple Solution - Interactive
Calculating partial derivatives and evaluating them at a point can be done with just the Context Panel system.
Be sure to use the exponential e, obtained from the Common Symbols palette, or by selection from the Command Completion table.
Context Panel
Control-drag the expression for f and press the Enter key.
Context Panel: Differentiate≻With Respect To≻x (or y)
Context Panel: Evaluate at a Point (see Figure 4.1.4(a)).
Figure 4.1.4(a) Evaluate at a,b
fx
fy
ⅇx2/y lny2/x
ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2x
→differentiate w.r.t. x
2⁢x⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy−ⅇx2yx
→evaluate at point
−2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−22
→differentiate w.r.t. y
−x2⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy2+2⁢ⅇx2yy
−ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−2
Defining f as an expression allows its partial derivatives to be calculated and evaluated at a point via some of the palette templates, allowing for a more natural notation to be displayed.
Define f as an expression
Control-drag the expression for f.
Context Panel: Assign to a Name≻f
ⅇx2/y lny2/x→assign to a namef
Obtain fxx,y and fyx,y
Calculus palette: First-partial operator
Context Panel: Evaluate and Display Inline
∂∂ x f = 2⁢x⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy−ⅇx2yx
∂∂ y f = −x2⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy2+2⁢ⅇx2yy
Obtain fxa,b and fya,b
Expression palette: Evaluation template Calculus palette: First-partial operator
∂∂ x fx=a|f(x)x=2,y=−2 = −2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−12⁢ⅇ−2
∂∂ y fx=a|f(x)x=2,y=−2 = −ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−2
A very high degree of notational faithfulness can be obtained by defining subscripts as operators.
In the present context, the expression for f is already assigned to the name f. Were this not so, the expression would have to be assigned to a name, preferably, f.
Define the functions fx and fy
Write the symbols fx and fy as Atomic Identifiers.
Context Panel: Assign Function
f__xx,y=∂∂ x f→assign as functionf__x
f__yx,y=∂∂ y f→assign as functionf__y
f__xx,y = 2⁢x⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy−ⅇx2yx
f__yx,y = −x2⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy2+2⁢ⅇx2yy
f__x2,−2 = −2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−12⁢ⅇ−2
f__y2,−2 = −ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−2
Maple Solution - Coded
Assign to f and press the Enter key.
f≔ⅇx2/y lny2/x:
Apply the diff command and press the Enter key.
fx≔difff,x
fy≔difff,y
Apply the eval command and press the Enter key.
evalfx,x=2,y=−2
−2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−12⁢ⅇ−2
Apply the eval and simplify commands and press the Enter key.
simplifyevalfy,x=2,y=−2
−ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2+1
Alternatively, define f as a function.
Define f as a function
Use the arrow notation to define f.
f≔x,y→ⅇx2/y lny2/x:
Use the D-operator to obtain fxx,y.
D1fx,y = 2⁢x⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy−ⅇx2yx
Use the D-operator to obtain fyx,y.
D2fx,y = −x2⁢ⅇx2y⁢ln⁡y2xy2+2⁢ⅇx2yy
Use the D-operator to obtain fxa,b.
D1f2,−2 = −2⁢ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−12⁢ⅇ−2
Use the D-operator to obtain fya,b.
D2f2,−2 = −ⅇ−2⁢ln⁡2−ⅇ−2
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