Chapter 4: Partial Differentiation
Section 4.11: Differentiability
Example 4.11.5
Show that the function gx,y in Table 4.11.1 has a differential at the origin, and hence, is differentiable at the origin.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
Let Gx,y be the rule for gx,y when x,y≠0,0.
For x,y≠0,0, the first partials of g are
gxx,y=Gxx,y=2⁢x⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢x⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
gyx,y=Gyx,y=2⁢y⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢y⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
At x,y=0,0, the first partials of g
gx0,0=limh→0G0+h,0−0h=limh→0h2 sin1h2h=0
gy0,0=limk→0G0,0+k−0k=limk→0k2 sin1k2k=0
Consequently, the first partials are given by the following piecewise functions.
gxx,y= {2⁢x⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢x⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2x,y≠0,00x,y=0,0
and
gyx,y= {2⁢y⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢y⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2x,y≠0,00x,y=0,0
Maple Solution - Interactive
Initialize
Context Panel: Assign Function
Gx,y=x2+y2⁢sin⁡1x2+y2→assign as functionG
Obtain the first partial derivatives for x,y≠0,0
Calculus palette: Partial derivative operator
Context Panel: Evaluate and Display Inline
∂∂ x Gx,y = 2⁢x⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢x⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
∂∂ y Gx,y = 2⁢y⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢y⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
Obtain gx0,0 and gy0,0
Calculus palette: Limit operator
limh→0G0+h,0−0h = 0
limk→0G0,0+k−0k = 0
Obtain gx0,0 and gy0,0 from first principles
Context Panel: Limit For both cases, adjust the Initial Point dialog as per Figures 4.11.5(a, b), respectively. Click OK.
Figure 4.11.5(a) Limit
Figure 4.11.5(b) Limit
Gh,0h = h⁢sin⁡1h2→limit0
G0,kk = k⁢sin⁡1k2→limit0
These last two limits are zero because in each case the expressions are the product of two terms, one bounded (even through it oscillates), the other going to zero.
Maple Solution - Coded
Let G be the rule for g when x,y≠0,0.
G≔x,y→x2+y2⁢sin1x2+y2:
Apply the diff command.
diffGx,y,x = 2⁢x⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢x⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
diffGx,y,y = 2⁢y⁢sin⁡1x2+y2−2⁢y⁢cos⁡1x2+y2x2+y2
Apply the limit command.
A≔G0+h,0−0h
h⁢sin⁡1h2
limitA,h=0 = 0
B≔G0,0+k−0k
k⁢sin⁡1k2
limitB,k=0 = 0
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