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Rope

Massless Rope component

The Rope component models a massless element that always remain straight between the points of connection. The Rope component has options for compliance and for connecting to a Pulley or Winch component.

 

Usage

Parameters

Connections

Usage

The Rope component can be used separately as a rigid or flexible two-force element or together with a Pulley component or Winch component. The Rope component can be used in series to transfer force along a given path.

Material Flow Sign Convention

If the Boolean parameters Fixed end a and/or Fixed end b are set to false (unchecked), 1D translational flanges are added to enable material flow.

Basic

The initial length of a rope component is determined from the position of the multibody frames to which it is connected. Make sure the rope's multibody frames are connected to other elements with defined positions. See the example below.

Ropes in Series

If the Boolean parameters Fixed end a and/or Fixed end b are set to false (unchecked), 1-D translational flanges are added to enable material flow.

             

Ropes and a Pulley

Before connecting a Rope to a Pulley or Winch on end a (frame_a) and/or on end b (frame_b), the boolean parameters Pulley on end a and/or Pulley on end b must be set to true (checked), respectively. When set to true (checked) the selections are indicated on the Rope icon with an orange circle and the corresponding multibody frame is turned to a 2-vector port.

             

Parameters

Formulation

Name

Condition

Default

Description

Modelica ID

Extensible

Pulley on end a=falsePulley on end b=false

true

When checked (true) the rope becomes extensible. The axial rigidity is a function of the unstretched length. Note: The rope is extensible when used with or a Pulley or Winch.

extensible

No force in compression

Extensible = true

false

When checked (true) the rope applies no force in compression. This option may be avoided if the rope always remains in tension.

noCompression

Properties

Name

Condition

Default

Units

Description

Modelica ID

EA

cond

1000000

N

Axial rigidity: Modulus of elasticity (E) times area (A)

EA

Use damping ratio

cond

true

 

When checked (true), damping is defined as a fraction of stiffness

useDampingRatio

dr

condUse damping ratio=true

0.01

 

Damping ratio: c=drEA

dr

c

cond

1

Nsm

Linear damping coefficient

c

Unstretched length

cond

false

 

When checked (true) the unstretched length is given by a parameter independent of the initial length of the rope

useLength

L0

condUnstretched Length=truePretension=false

1

m

Unstretched length

L0

Pretension

condUnstretched length=false

false

 

When checked (true) the unstretched length is given by the initial length of the rope minus the pretension length.

usePretension

δL

condPretension=trueUnstretched length=false

0.1

m

Pretension length

dL

cond=Extensible=truePulley on end a=truePulley on end b=true

Connections

Name

Condition

Default

Description

Modelica ID

Pulley on end a

 

false

When checked (true) the rope is to be connected to a pulley at frame_a

toPulley_a

Pulley on end b

 

false

When checked (true) the rope is to be connected to a pulley at frame_b

toPulley_b

Fixed end a

Pulley on end a=false

true

When checked (true) the rope is fixed to frame_a. When unchecked (false) a 1D mechanical flange is enabled for material flow.

fixed_a

Fixed end b

Pulley on end b=false

true

When checked (true) the rope is fixed to frame_b. When unchecked (false) a 1D mechanical flange is enabled for material flow.

fixed_b

Visualization

Name

Condition

Default

Units

Description

Modelica ID

Show visualization

 

true

N

Show visualization

showVisualization

Transparent

Show visualization=true

false

 

Transparent

transparent

radius

Show visualization=true

0.02

m

Rope radius. This radius is only used for the cylindrical visualization of the rope

radius

Color mode

Show visualization=true

Single color

 

Choose color option: (1) Single color, (2) Two colors: Tension and No tension, (3) Multi-color: Color based on tension value

colorMode

Rope color

Show visualization=trueColor mode=2

gray

 

Rope color 1

color

2nd rope color

Show visualization=trueColor mode2,3

red

 

Rope color 2

color2

τmin

Show visualization=trueColor mode=3

0

N

Minimum Tension: color 1

minTension

τmax

Show visualization=trueColor mode=3

1000

N

Maximum Tension: color 2

maxTension

Force arrows

 

false

 

When checked (true), arrows are added at end points  to visualize tension.

show Tension

Scale

Tension visualization=true

1

 

Force scale (N to m)

tensionscale

Color

Tension visualization=true

blue

 

Force arrow color

tensioncolor

Transparent

Tension visualization=true

false

 

Force arrow transparency

tensiontransparent

Flow rate arrow

Fixed end a=falseFixed end b=falsePulley on end a=truePulley on end b=true

false

 

When checked (true), an arrow is added to visualize material flow speed and direction

showFlow

Scale

Fixed end a=falseFixed end b=falsePulley on end a=truePulley on end b=trueFlow visualization=true

1

 

Speed scale (m/s to m)

speedscale

Color

Fixed end a=falseFixed end b=falsePulley on end a=truePulley on end b=trueFlow visualization=true

magenta

 

Flow arrow color

flowcolor

Transparent

Fixed end a=falseFixed end b=falsePulley on end a=truePulley on end b=trueFlow visualization=true

false

 

Flow arrow transparency

flowtransparent

Summary Variables

Name

Default

Description

Modelica ID

Force unit

N

Unit in which the summary variable summary_Tension is expressed

forceUnitSummary

Connections

Name

Condition

Description

Modelica ID

framea

Pulley on end a=false

End a multibody frame

frame_a

frameb

Pulley on end a=false

End b multibody frame

frame_b

frameap

Pulley on end a=true

End a a 2-Vector multibody frame For use with a Pulley or Winch component.

frame_ap

framebp

Pulley on end b=true

End b a 2-Vector multibody frame For use with a Pulley or Winch component.

frame_bp

flangea

Fixed end a=falsePulley on end a=true

End a 1D translational flange for rope flow.

flange_a

flangeb

Fixed end b=falsePulley on end b=true

End b 1D translational flange for rope flow.

flange_b

See Also

Pulley

Winch

Winch3D

Cable

Chain

Ropes and Pulleys Library Overview