Chapter 4: Partial Differentiation
Section 4.1: First-Order Partial Derivatives
Example 4.1.2
If f=x y2−3 y−2 and a,b=3,2, obtain fx and fy both at x,y and at a,b.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
The requisite calculations are summarized in Table 4.1.2(a).
∂∂xx y2−3 y−2 = y2
∂∂yx y2−3 y−2=2 x y−3
∂f∂xx=a|f(x)x,y=3,2 = 4
∂f∂yx=a|f(x)x,y=3,2= 9
Table 4.1.2(a) First partial derivatives of f
Maple Solution - Interactive
Calculating partial derivatives and evaluating them at a point can be done with just the Context Panel system.
Context Panel
Control-drag the expression for f and press the Enter key.
Context Panel: Differentiate≻With Respect To≻x (or y)
Context Panel: Evaluate at a Point (see Figure 4.1.2(a)).
Figure 4.1.2(a) Evaluate at a,b
fx
fy
x y2−3 y−2
x⁢y2−3⁢y−2
→differentiate w.r.t. x
y2
→evaluate at point
4
→differentiate w.r.t. y
2⁢x⁢y−3
9
Defining f as an expression allows its partial derivatives to be calculated and evaluated at a point via some of the palette templates, allowing for a more natural notation to be displayed.
Define f as an expression
Control-drag the expression for f.
Context Panel: Assign to a Name≻f
x y2−3 y−2→assign to a namef
Obtain fxx,y and fyx,y
Calculus palette: First-partial operator
Context Panel: Evaluate and Display Inline
∂∂ x f = y2
∂∂ y f = 2⁢x⁢y−3
Obtain fxa,b and fya,b
Expression palette: Evaluation template Calculus palette: First-partial operator
∂∂ x fx=a|f(x)x=3,y=2 = 4
∂∂ y fx=a|f(x)x=3,y=2 = 9
A very high degree of notational faithfulness can be obtained by defining subscripts as operators.
In the present context, the expression for f is already assigned to the name f. Were this not so, the expression would have to be assigned to a name, preferably, f.
Define the functions fx and fy
Write the symbols fx and fy as Atomic Identifiers.
Context Panel: Assign Function
f__xx,y=∂∂ x f→assign as functionf__x
f__yx,y=∂∂ y f→assign as functionf__y
f__xx,y = y2
f__yx,y = 2⁢x⁢y−3
f__x3,2 = 4
f__y3,2 = 9
Maple Solution - Coded
Assign to f and press the Enter key.
f≔x y2−3 y−2:
Apply the diff command and press the Enter key.
fx≔difff,x
fy≔difff,y
Apply the eval command and press the Enter key.
evalfx,x=3,y=2
evalfy,x=3,y=2
Alternatively, define f as a function.
Define f as a function
Use the arrow notation to define f.
f≔x,y→x y2−3 y−2:
Use the D-operator to obtain fxx,y.
D1fx,y = y2
Use the D-operator to obtain fyx,y.
D2fx,y = 2⁢x⁢y−3
Use the D-operator to obtain fxa,b.
D1f3,2 = 4
Use the D-operator to obtain fya,b.
D2f3,2 = 9
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