Chapter 8: Applications of Triple Integration
Section 8.5: Changing Variables in a Triple Integral
Example 8.5.2
Calculate the volume of R, the region bounded by the hyperbolic cylinders x y=1, x y=5, x z=4, x z=15, y z=10, yz=20.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
The integration yields to the change of variables u=x y,v=x z, w=y z for which the Jacobian
∂x,y,z∂u,v,w=∂uxyz∂vxyz∂wxyz
requires solving for x=±u vu v w, y=±u wu v w, z=±u v wu. However, it is easier to calculate the Jacobian
∂u,v,w∂x,y,z=∂xuvw∂yuvw∂zuvw = yx0z0x0zy = −2 x y z
The reciprocal of the absolute value of this Jacobian is then 12 x y z=12u v w. Hence, the volume of R is given by the iterated integral
∫1020∫415∫1512u v w du dv dw
= 206−30+402+15−3+825−10−80
≐12.13
Maple Solution - Interactive
Initialize
Tools≻Load Package: Student Multivariate Calculus
Loading Student:-MultivariateCalculus
Obtain the Jacobian ∂x,y,z∂u,v,w
Write the sequence of expressions defining the transformation.
Context Panel: Jacobian Matrix
Context Panel: Standard Operations≻Determinant
x y,x z,y z→Jacobianyx0z0x0zy→determinant−2⁢y⁢x⁢z
Invert the transformation u=x y,v=x z,w=y z
Write a sequence of equations defining the transformation, and press the Enter key.
Context Panel: Solve≻Solve for Variables≻x,y,z
Context Panel: All Values
Context Panel: Select Element≻1
Context Panel: Assign to a Name≻S
u=x y,v=x z,w=y z
u=x⁢y,v=x⁢z,w=y⁢z
→solve (specified)
x=vRootOf⁡_Z2⁢u−v⁢w,y=wRootOf⁡_Z2⁢u−v⁢w,z=RootOf⁡_Z2⁢u−v⁢w
→all values
x=vv⁢wu,y=wv⁢wu,z=v⁢wu,x=−vv⁢wu,y=−wv⁢wu,z=−v⁢wu
→select entry 1
x=vv⁢wu,y=wv⁢wu,z=v⁢wu
→assign to a name
S
Obtain the absolute value of the Jacobian ∂u,v,w∂x,y,z
Expression palette: Evaluation template
Context Panel: Evaluate and Display Inline
Context Panel: Simplify≻Assuming Positive
12 x y zx=a|f(x)S = 12⁢v⁢wuv⁢w→assuming positive12⁢v⁢u⁢w
Use an appropriate iterated triple-integral to calculate the volume of R
Calculus palette: Iterated triple-integral template Press the Enter key.
Context Panel: Combine≻radical
Context Panel: Approximate≻10 (digits)
∫1020∫415∫1512u v w ⅆu ⅆv ⅆw
−20⁢3⁢5⁢2+40⁢2+20⁢3⁢2−8⁢5⁢2+40⁢5⁢3−80−40⁢3+16⁢5
= combine
−20⁢30+40⁢2+20⁢6−8⁢10+40⁢15−80−40⁢3+16⁢5
→at 10 digits
12.12999371
Maple Solution - Coded
Install the Student MultivariateCalculus package.
withStudent:-MultivariateCalculus:
Use the Jacobian command in the Student MultivariateCalculus package to obtain the Jacobian
∂x,y,z∂u,v,w
Jacobianx y,x z,y z,x,y,z,output=determinant = −2⁢y⁢x⁢z
S≔solveu=x y,v=x z,w=y z,x,y,z,Explicit
x=v⁢uu⁢v⁢w,y=w⁢uu⁢v⁢w,z=u⁢v⁢wu,x=−v⁢uu⁢v⁢w,y=−w⁢uu⁢v⁢w,z=−u⁢v⁢wu
Use the eval and simplify commands to obtain the absolute value of the Jacobian ∂u,v,w∂x,y,z
1/ simplifyeval2 x y z,S1 assuming positive = 12⁢u⁢v⁢w
Use the MultiInt command from the Student MultivariateCalculus package to obtain the volume of R
(Note the use of the combine command to compact the products of radicals.)
MultiInt12u v w,u=1..5,v=4..15,w=10..20,output=integral
∫1020∫415∫1512⁢u⁢v⁢wⅆuⅆvⅆw
combineMultiInt12u v w,u=1..5,v=4..15,w=10..20
−20⁢30+20⁢6+40⁢2−8⁢10+40⁢15−40⁢3−80+16⁢5
MultiInt12u v w,u=1..5,v=4..15,w=10..20,output=steps
∫1020∫415∫1512⁢u⁢v⁢wⅆuⅆvⅆw=∫1020∫415uu⁢v⁢wu=1..5|uu⁢v⁢wu=1..5ⅆvⅆw=∫1020∫4155−1v⁢wⅆvⅆw=∫10202⁢v⁢5−1v⁢wv=4..15|2⁢v⁢5−1v⁢wv=4..15ⅆw=∫1020−2⁢−5⁢3+5⁢3+2⁢5−2wⅆw=−4⁢w⁢−5⁢3+5⁢3+2⁢5−2w=10..20|−4⁢w⁢−5⁢3+5⁢3+2⁢5−2w=10..20
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