Psi
the Digamma and Polygamma functions
Calling Sequence
Parameters
Description
Examples
References
Psi(x)
Ψ⁡x
Psi(n,x)
Ψ⁡n,x
x
-
expression
n
Psi(x) is the digamma function,
Ψx=ⅆⅆ⁢xlnΓ⁡x=ⅆⅆ⁢xΓx⁢Γ⁡x
Psi(n, x) is the nth polygamma function, which is the nth derivative of the digamma function when n is a nonnegative integer.
You can enter the command Psi using either the 1-D or 2-D calling sequence.
If n is an integer greater than one, Psi(n) + gamma is a rational number. (gamma is Euler's constant.) For small values of n, Psi(n) computes as a sum of gamma and a rational number. To perform this computation for larger values of n, use expand.
Ψn,x=ⅆnⅆxnΨx
Ψ⁡0,x=Ψ⁡x
Psi(n, x) is extended to complex n, including negative integer indices, by the balanced polygamma formula of Espinosa and Moll
Ψ⁡w,z=ζ1⁡w+1,z+γ+Ψ⁡−w⁢ζ0⁡w+1,zΓ⁡−w
where Ζ is the Hurwitz zeta function.
Ψ⁡2
1−γ
Ψ⁡1,2
−1+π26
Ψ⁡3.5+4.7⁢I
1.717883835+1.001470255⁢I
Ψ⁡7,−2.2+3.3⁢I
−0.02713341434+0.003825068416⁢I
Ψ⁡−2,1.543
−0.7957394716
Ψ⁡1.342+I,3.5233
−0.6988919005−0.7978763419⁢I
Ψ⁡50
138812566871391350266313099044504245996706400−γ
Ψ⁡51
Evaluating Psi(51) directly is faster than expanding and then evaluating.
expand⁡Ψ⁡51
−γ+139432375772240549607593099044504245996706400
evalf⁡
3.921989673
evalf⁡Ψ⁡51
Unlike the negapolygamma of Gosper, the balanced polygamma at n=−1 differs from lnGAMMA by a constant
convert⁡lnGAMMA⁡x,Ψ−Ψ⁡−1,x
ln⁡2⁢π2
Espinosa, O., and Moll, V. "A Generalized Polygamma Function." Integral Transforms and Special Functions, (April 2004): 101-115.
See Also
expand
GAMMA
initialfunctions
Zeta
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