Chapter 5: Applications of Integration
Section 5.8: Work
Example 5.8.4
A cylindrical tank (radius r, length L) with its axis horizontal is full of oil whose density is ρ kg/m3. The oil is to be pumped out of the tank through an outlet that is 2 m above the top of the tank. Find the total work done.
Solution
Mathematical Solution
Figure 5.8.4(a) Cross-sectional view of the cylindrical tank
As per Figure 5.8.4(a), measure y positive upwards from the bottom of the tank. At any value of y the width of a slab of oil of thickness dy is 2 2 r y−y2. Therefore the volume of that slab of oil is 2 L 2 r y −y2 dy. Since the density of the oil is ρ, the weight of the slab is ρ g 2 L 2 r y −y2 dy. This slab must move a distance of h−y=2 r+2−y, so the work done moving this slab is 2 ρ g L2 r y−y22 r+2−ydy. Hence, the total work done in emptying the tank is
2 ρ g L ∫02 r2 r+2−y2 r y−y2 ⅆy= ρ g L r2 π 2+r
Maple Solution
As per Figure 5.8.4(a), total work done in pumping out the tank:
Expression palette: Definite-integral template
Context Panel: Simplify≻Assuming Positive
2 ρ g L ∫02 r2 r+2−y2 r y−y2 ⅆy→assuming positiveρ⁢g⁢L⁢r2⁢π⁢r+2
(For some integrals, Maple interprets "simplify" to mean "evaluate" because the evaluated form is simpler than the unevaluated form. Because the Context Panel provides for assumptions only with the Simplify option, the integral has been so evaluated in order to apply the assumption that ρ,g,L, and r are all positive.)
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